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a teenager, worried about being the only boy in my neighborhood who had no girlfriend, I invented one: a name she wrote passionate love letters - with your left hand to change the lyrics - and I sent them to myself, always trying to stay out there misplaced, for negligence, for older people read them and take care of watering your content across the Arenal, the place where we lived.
walked in those years so self-absorbed, so high that I did not realize that my family and I had discovered. One day my grandfather, the old Alberto Ramos, I got off the tag with one of your phrase: "this guy as a liar," he told one of his buddies, "like it's going to be a journalist." My grandfather, a mountain man in which barely read and write his name, he had reason to know that fiction is a tool of the literature and journalism. So it was not intended to be the funny, but help me see what was best for me to, in his words, securing the future. A couple of years ago, a reporter had come to Arenal to cover a flood, and his story did not say how many victims left the disaster or how they called the river overflowed, but instead spoke in detail of a family of survivors who had improvised home in the treetops. A family which, of course, did not exist. The conclusion of my grandfather was logical: if the matter was to lie, I'd pick out a head advantage to this reporter and, therefore, could be a better journalist than he is.
Over time I realized that my lies of childhood and adolescence were in large part to the desire for events that attract attention people. Thankfully, at least as a journalist, I realized in time that reality could also dotarme of such stories. He said that the challenge of a good writer is not embellish or disfigure reality with false, but to discover how amazing it is inside. And being able to create good stories based on this reality, and sometimes seem flat. It has always been people who departs from this basic principle, especially before, when many reporters invented characters, situations and even news, with the guarantee of impunity that gave them poor communication in our global village. The slogan in those years seemed to be: "Do not let reality ruin your a good story. "
Some assumed, like my grandfather, that the tampering was not important, provided they were stirred with certain elements. Even thought - the ironies of life - that lying could be a useful tool for truth. It was felt that a poor man to invent a lie, because the poor exist. Or you create in the interview to a German who shaved peach juice was no sin, for after all the more believable character drama was living Caracas due to drought. **

Why lie some journalists? Why reality seems flat and want correct? Why hide the truth that hurts their interests and those of their employers? Why neglect? Physical clumsiness Why? Why a mixture of all these causes? Some think, as Mark Twain's Joker, that truth is so precious that should be saved. It does not take an expert to realize that many practicing in areas where there are more windows and mirrors, therefore, spend more time contemplating themselves than watching others. Do not listen to others is always an effective way to shut out the truth. We have brought, for example, those journalists who, according to Bill Kovach, select their sources with the sole purpose of expressing it really is just your own point of view, and then use a neutral voice to give overtones of objectivity. This - the author adds, is a form of deception. But there are other, less subtle. A few years ago we were moved to Colombia with the news of a family so poor Bogota ate stew of old newspapers. The fact was false, although we saw over and over again on television. Were not they supposed that the lack of communication was what created the right climate of impunity that allowed our ancestors to distort reality? Although the camera made us witnesses of this history, although we hear the testimony of the woman and saw the soup pot with the sad, fell into the trap. Why add to our poverty, which already is a tremendous drama, size lie so rough?
The Polish journalist Ryszard Kapuscinski, in the book "The Five Senses of journalist," raises a hypothesis that could serve as an answer: after the entry of big capital to mass media, truth became a subordinate value to the interesting or what can be sold. "Today," Kapuscinski says, "the soldier of our work is not investigated in search of truth but to find sensational events that may arise between the headings of his environment."
In these times there is a tendency to become reality, even the most dismal in entertainment. In fact, the journalist Yamid Amat discontinued some years the programming of the channel, to announce publicly that he had what he called "spectacular images" earthquake in the coffee, the same one that caused nearly a thousand deaths and left about 200 thousand victims. So it's not without reason a warning that if Jesus Christ resurrected news but I would not be subject to a reality.
This effort to turn everything into entertainment is not only distasteful, but is a way of lying: it creates the impression that the counterweight of death is not life but the circus, stir-without any context, the sequin to the disaster, convince the unwary that has character and who screams who stars in an irreverent scandals is easy. That put before our eyes a carousel of massacres, mixing death hysteria with hysteria of goals, and then show a parade of scantily clad women, as if they think so we guarantee a happy ending, I find a way rather perverse to practice journalism. He conceals the people the true meaning of reality and, if I may, of truth. I remember now, for example, the case of Caracol TV journalist who went from one side to another with their cameras, and apparently nobody told him what were the limits of his own life and the rest of the country. That was an insufferable tease streap diary type told us how he slept, if you hurt your neck or calf, if he dreamed of apples or grapes, and not led us to the reality but we are prevented from reaching it, because it crossed as a hindrance in all situations which must show: singing a duet with popular musicians who interviewed, and got a spoon, so grotesque, the cook prepared a stew of La Guajira, and tested before the cameras. Its inclusion in the narrative story had no serious intentions, but it was a show Farandulera deprive us of knowing what was happening beyond their noses. That is a lie widespread in these times. **

Another lie is the belief that good journalism is only one who finds pot rot. In societies with a weak justice as the means are tempted to set himself up as judges. Certainly the work of supervision of public officials is an important duty. The trouble is to reduce the journalism that, forgetting that there are stories about popular culture: jugglers, bream, holidays, traditions. And where we left the life of ordinary people? We should stop the obsession with interesting and start thinking about what necessary. Good journalism should also be a possibility of building memory. I think a writer should make a commitment to telling the best possible use of their environment and their era. Its agenda should go beyond the news of the mass media: we must pursue the life that we do not want to tell the media, the people excluded by not having power or not being a victim of the tragedy.
During an interview I did, Javier Dario Restrepo raised several challenges to journalism that is being done today in Colombia and other Latin American countries. One is that journalism is stalled at present. No delves into the past for the context of the facts, nor are wondering what could happen in the future. There seems to be, said Restrepo, a contempt for all that is beyond the immediate. I remember when we got to this point he quoted John Tebbel, one of his favorite authors: "News is not what has already happened but what will happen."
few days before our meeting, Javier Darío had seen a TV news information about a new disaster caused by streams of Barranquilla, and while transmitting the news, she felt he was getting the same story last year the same the year before, the same as thirty years ago. That was, in fact, a chronic fretted traveling from one year to another with absolute effrontery, which just changed the names of the victims. Apart from the usual lamentations, recorded in the foreground to make them more cumbersome, there was one voice to say what should be done so that the streams do not continue killing people. Who do their part to prevent these calamities? Why have not fulfilled their responsibilities? When did they meet? In this talk
Javier Darío insisted that we have a sense of reality very limited. We wonder, as Shakira, where are the thieves, but never found out where we go if we continue in the hands of thieves we're showing. So he proposed to give more space to good narrative journalists, those who can reflect the substance through the atmosphere. I want to end my speech with one of the most interesting phrases I heard that afternoon Restrepo: "No truth will be complete until he is well told. We have been told a million times what is happening. Now the challenge is to begin to discover the possible. " Thank you very much.

· Chronicler of Colombia. He has written for magazines narrative journalism in Latin America, such as SoHo, the Malpensante and Black Label.
salcedoramos@gmail.com

Taken from newsletter Bolpress, Bolivia. ( http://www.bolpress.com/art.php?Cod=2006121405&PHPSESSID=92c466f868fb2c78ee81e9ed9786b52b )

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Management

Management
journalism sources (or sources that manage to journalism)

For global journalism and Argentina, recent years have left indelible landmarks on the betrayal of the fundamental value of the media: credibility. Case
famous journalists invented sources or, equally serious, distorted data and information, have forced the media to review their internal control models. This was diagnosed
journalist Danny Schechter, in his book The news in times of war. Media: information or propaganda ..
One of the important issues that have faced the world press in recent years is that of the sources. The cuts in newsrooms, the speed of the news cycle and reducing the coverage of international news hinder the ability of journalists to have the time, resources, and lists possible sources to collect necessary the news with caution.
There were and are many cases that have marked this phase.
But the fabulist Jason Blair might be paradigmatic: its reports were fraudulent and therefore forced to ask publicly apologize to her diary, just The New York Times, who had made a cult of its editorial integrity.
The chairman of the Committee on Development Initiatives of the Newspaper Publishers Association of the United States (ASNE), Frank Denton, in an article published by the American magazine editor, said:
It's easy for outsiders to pontificate , to condemn and tear to The New York Times, but if we think about ourselves and habits prevailing in the newsroom we frequent, we will be forced to recognize that trends are noticed everywhere that to get worse, could end up forming also made pernicious
One of the central issues of these facts pernicious Denton quoted is based on the improper handling of sources with which the journalist is often engage in promiscuous relationships, which do not keep the necessary distance that enables independent criteria. There
ingenuity in this respect: the source will always try to manage the journalist from his views and journalist believe that access to the information required is simpler, does not matter if the medium is half the truth. Any
journalistic style manual is revised guidelines provide a range of elemental about the link between the communicator and a fountain.
But the matter is, above all, ethical basis:
central point for journalism is to determine:
· The degree of usefulness of data obtained from the sources.
· How they hide and distort much.
· How validated are to provide information.
• And the social impact of the news they roll over in coverage. Treatment
The problem became apparent sources so pathetic from the attacks of March 11, 2004, when a terrorist group blew up trains in Madrid's Atocha station.
So the prestigious newspaper El Pais headlined its edition extraordinary "Killing ETA in Madrid."
Not that the editors of the newspaper they had independent evidence about the authorship of the attack by the armed separatist.
No. What happened is that they were influenced by the then Prime Minister, José María Aznar.
minutes before closing, a senior official called for the drafting and blamed the attack on ETA.
Later Aznar himself contacted the newspaper to ratify management information.
The original title "terrorist massacre in Madrid " mutated to "Killing ETA in Madrid."
Commitment transparency would have required attribute this information to the Government instead of taking a huge banner headline, laments today Jesus Ceberio director. This grave error - recognizes - is not entirely attributable to the source, but the lack of enforcement of minimum professional caution. No source, is privileged, requiring no additional contrasts.
What came from that time is history, just three days later, the English Socialist Party (PSOE), with the help of José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero and the votes of millions of English, the government evicted Party Aznar's Popular. And this
not only biased information.
also turned to political analysis that reality
undressed truth.
But here was a powerful fact, powerful, who helped uncover what he wanted to hide.
How many information daily, low impact, are tainted by the intentions of power?
How many daily reports are distorted by the same journalists who are seduced by sources and not the contrast?
is a mixture of mutual interests and needs with a single victim, the citizen.
When it comes to power, discuss politics.
The policy requires journalists to be visible and this the first for nutrition information.
Relations between the two often are unpredictable and there are no permanent loyalties.
The tendency to influence each other causes them to choose each other.
gave rise to public debate invitation of Governor of the Province Address to selected journalists to announce that the Bank of the Province of Cordoba would not be privatized.
No need explaining the significance of that news for the community. Perhaps
who has best defined the role of journalism in the field of politics is Horacio Verbitsky, cited by Professor Alfredo Torres of the Universidad de la Plata.
Verbitsky says:

"Journalism is spreading what someone does not want to know, the rest is propaganda.
" His role is to lead it is hidden, witness and, therefore, bother.
"has sources but no friends.
"What journalists can exercise, and through them society, the mere right to complain, and documented as fair as possible.
" criticize everything and everyone.
"Pour salt into the wound and pebbles in the shoe.
"Look and say the bad side of everything, that's good side is responsible for the press office of the Swiss neutrality, the philosophers of the middle and justice judges.
" If not responsible, what fault is journalism? "

In terms of" ought "is wonderful.
But in terms of what journalism is today, it appears from the truth.
Returning to the example United States, we can see how deceptive it is.
prominent journalists and mainstream media who support President Bush on the war in Iraq only by domestic interests, such as relations with the military-industrial complex.
If even there was talk of the Bush Administration was willing to "buy" journalists to prop up a better communication campaign to convince an increasingly skeptical public that war was the best that their country could do.
I have no visa to stay in the United States, so back to Argentina.
Is not there a new wave of journalists flying the flags of the government of Nestor Kirchner in the form of independent journalism?
No surprise there: the were during the Menem administration, and even more during the Alfonsin. Let me read
information that appeared in the Financial Field, a newspaper which, incidentally, is not to my liking, but in this case I think it reflects the situation clearly:
newspaper The head of the American TV channel , Roman Lejtman requested Marcelo Longabaradi expressly journalist, co-host of Crossfire cycle, to apologize to a senator with whom he had had an argument during an interview. Longobardi
not only refused, but threatened to withdraw its air cycle.
Following several complaints about officials called reporters to complain about his critical opinions, some analysts believe pressure from the government make the news cycle of political opinion in the territory of negotiation.
Given the recent closure of two cable TV signals, plus satellite and P + E, the newspaper asked if another journalist will run out of air.

Now I moved to Córdoba.
I want to narrate a story that has just one week: Two calificadísimos
officials hope the President's Office at the airport.
There were no journalists present, other cameramen.
The senior, tells another:
"Dwarf bastard in (the choice of mayor) Marcos Juárez going to leave the room. Next year I'll break your ass and thank you for being the ass and not the face. I'm going to retire from politics. "
The other replied:
" I love being underestimated. The same was said three years ago and here I am, getting to the President. You have the scent of a Pekingese. "
Actually, the dialogue is, as noted, the very low level. Not deserve to be published.
It turns out that its contents were disclosed by spokesmen for both leaders.
spokesmen of the largest, with the aim of showing how rigorea.
spokesmen of the child, because that is victimized.
is, was overt and specific interests of the sources because it was known.
The question is: when checked, does he deserve to be published? I have
to me that our decision was correct.
These insults reflect the political reality in finished living Córdoba.
We did also in the belief to demonstrate how the domestic dispute was served in a very important moment in Córdoba, as the presence of the presidents of the Mercosur summit.
I agree, however, that anyone can express an opposing viewpoint.
So I consider myself if not ended, perhaps, as "spokesmen" of a fight that we have written ourselves, is alien to the interests of Cordoba.
I must be very explicit and emphatic: no, in this case, pressure of any kind for publication or omitted.
was a decision taken in a panel of editors, the one where hundreds of decisions are taken daily, with margins of error of any human activity.
you surely have to insist so much to satisfy their doubts about the existence of pressures.
There are, but take in many cases very subtle ways.
resist depends on at least three factors:
1 .- The strength of the medium, that will not lead to live by the official advertising.
2 .- The vocation of its officers to maintain independence, something that "is proved, is the best deal for the present and future.
3 .- The capacity of environmental journalists themselves would not yield to the temptation of complacency. We just

review two paradigmatic cases in which key issues were set for this analysis:
1 .- The malicious attitude of a journalist.
2 .- The intent of sources to make their opinion prevail over reality. This applies, of course, in the case of The Country and the political fight in Cordoba.

would like now to dwell a few moments with you further look into the journalism.
Or better yet the behavior of reporters.
I think at this point, there are several issues to address.
I will not become a censor of my colleagues, certainly, by that of the straw in someone else's eye and the beam in their own. Each
in this work as your conscience tells you.
I have for me, however, that for many colleagues, journalism is no longer a vocation and became a business.
I'm not talking about the healthy ambition to live more comfortably, I hope that is natural to every human being. I'm talking about profits
spurious. Run a lot of money
spurious, you know. And it is easy money.
one just needs to reach out and provide services to obtain power factors. Dressing
journalist is a simple way for anyone, in fact, is a trader of information.
transactions with the sources are converted and, in a round-trip business quite profitable.
And if not, look at the standard of living of many journalists and warn a salary that is difficult to sustain.
There is another factor of undeniable influence: fame.
That, as everyone knows, has its price. Angel Arrese
University of Navarra put it in these terms:
sources disappear, and appear to the authors.
fame and stardom journalistic and literary gifts adorned with the rhetoric of verisimilitude, can meet the concerns which otherwise would have attracted too intimate texts, as confidential in many ways his least questioning it would appear to hurt sensitivity-not to mention the professionalism "of their authors.
And is that the journalistic stardom, in too many cases, seems to depend on exactly that: to have single sources, so personal, that allow a stand on the other, inside and outside of writing with new stories, sometimes amazing, not shared by anyone.
star as a lone wolf, as an island within the islands that make up the editorial.
And besides, a star that becomes so because it relates the lives, because it shows in the texts their experiences and feelings, their contacts with the players of today, often becoming an actor in history may be time
to rethink seriously the growing prominence of some professional information certain "star journalist" who have forgotten much of the best journalism has been throughout history anonymous, but anonymity of authors, no sources.
No doubt: the sources are going to choose this type of journalists, whose reputation will guarantee media presence, with a good deal.
The journalist, on his side, will benefit from access to sources of power.
is, a real "business round."
A virtuous circle in which the only thing missing is ethics. How
fight this evil that is hacked to our profession?
I do not think you have a recipe.
However, I dare to ask some questions: 1 .-
ourselves under the magnifying glass ourselves. Do not go out to hunt witches, but let's not go merrily ethical deviations.
2 .- We demand that our companies to the number of staff covered by the right people with past training, but also with ongoing training vocation,
3 .- Network with universities to get them not only the best students but also better people.
Something must be done to prevent journalists continue to be managed by sources and ensure that proper handling of sources. In other words, do good journalism.

Defying

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sources in journalism Journalism

journalism

Weblogs devoted to the news are transforming the way we do journalism. This new environment is seen as the great wave of the future, the new form of reporting on the Internet. The obvious question then is how this new media is affecting traditional journalism.
weblog The term dates from 1997 but its development has been strengthened since 2001. Although its definition is not yet entirely clear, it can be said that a weblog, also called blog or weblog, is a space where they can post articles on various topics, is a diary on the internet. The creator, called weblogger, remains free to stop creating relevant published. There are some common elements of blogs, such as publications list of links to other sites, either as references or for further information, previous logs, permanent links for anyone to cite a score, or a function that allow comments for the reader to be part of the log.
The English Ignacio Escolar, a freelance journalist, defines a weblog as "publications that include small items chronologically, from newest to oldest, complemented with links (links), making his maker in a news maker."
For its part, the journalist Roberto Guareschi, explains to the newspaper Clarín, that through these Web sites is emerging alternative journalism different than promote a change in the role of the journalist. "We're talking a new language, a different social organization possible," said the journalist. In the same article, Guareschi view that traditional media would do well to take account of the weblogs they offer a close miss with the reader.
While we can not forget the troubling digital divide exists in parallel with this great phenomenon that is growing every day and produces profound changes in information processing. Are now our best publishing system (CMS) for free, as is the case of "Blogger", which allows any user to create their own blog. Journalist Julio Perotti
in June 2005, thought to create your own weblog was a great alternative to test the new format. Began publishing front of the news by Blogger system. There, his first words were: "Let's try, from this point, discuss the main themes of each day. All that is ahead of the news and, often, no see. "
In his blog, Perotti intends to share with friends, family and unknown users, their ideas, thoughts, and Weird news that usually do not appear in other media. Also shown is professionally engaged, and on 24 March this year, published the names, places of work and the date of disappearance of all journalists victims of military dictatorship. Editorial
M. Luján Martínez

"Before the News", an alternative

"Information Design is a discipline that began to spread in the 90's," says Mara Leonardi in a book chapter Rest Aníbal Ford World. His main interest focuses on finding the most effective ways to present different types of information as to meet the expectations and needs of users.
For its part, Inma Martin Herrera, Director of the newspaper La Crónica de Sevilla, explains: "Most important is the presentation of content, while ensuring a logical sequence of sections, ensuring a comfortable and attractive design, and avoiding the saturation of the page that is totally counterproductive for reading digital media. "
All this is understood and put into practice in July Perotti, since his weblog is characterized by clear and precise. Their spatial distribution and the log is ordered is divided basically into two columns. The left side of the screen in the main column are the notes that he published, while the right side, you can find various information such as links, pre-loaded files. Upon entering
http://www.deestosehabla.blogspot.com/ appears in brown box where the name of the blog, in front of the News, and under its slogan: "The issues our daily" . Above this, there is a blue color bar provider advertising the site, Blogger. Right there is a search engine and you can access other blogs that use the same publishing system. Underneath it all
this are the two columns that organize the content. Perotti's public notes left on various issues, whether their own or their colleagues. These notes are written in Trebuchet MS font, size 10.5, in black on a white background, allowing for easy reading. The use of bold and italics hardly appears, except in titles. These are striking as they are presented in uppercase and marked with an orange icon (an arrow). On each item is the publication date.
Blog Another good feature is that almost all items are available that allow hypertext expand the information presented. These are written in orange and underlined, which allows the reader to their readability and easy access.
addition, this weblog, it is important to use multimedia resources. As stated by Koldo Meso Ayers, Professor at the University of the Basque Country, can appear seamlessly on a website sounds, images, and content, which makes the online editor a producer of its own page. Perotti elements by making an impact on the reader. Also, when posting a video (such as "The Hell of the Press" on 16 May) that appears directly on the blog and do not need to download anything extra to access it. The same happens with the photos.
Under each note, Perotti opens a specially dedicated to the user. On the right the word "Comments." That's the space where the reader can speak out and say what you want.
In the other column on the right side of the screen first shows a box with your photo, your name and location: Cordoba, Argentina. Right there, Perotti invites the reader to your profile.
Below is a clock with the hour hands of Argentina, and then a list entitled "Links", which shows the names of the various websites that the author invites you to visit and interact with their subjects of interest: two pages of Cordoba, some on Journalism Argentina and several other weblogs. Among others, there are La Voz Online, Cordoba Net, Social Journalism, Argentine Journalism Forum; to measure distances in Argentina, and several weblogs and comb your hair magazine, the personal blog of July Perotti, and the blogging community, bringing together the weblogs from different countries. All these names are written in red, underlined and with larger font for the notes issued. In these pages you can enter from there and then simply click on the link.
then shown two advertising banners. In the first, it offers the option to translate the page into English, a service provided by Alta Vista, while the second is an advertisement that lets you enter different newspapers and media around the world. Immediately
of these, under the name "preloads" displayed the last ten titles published, including those presented in the left column. These also can be entered directly by clicking on them and are shown in red and underlined. The only thing that varies with respect to the presentation of the links is that they are written in uppercase. Beneath
preloads displayed the "Archives", which refer to the various publications that were made since the creation of weblog and have the same characteristics Links design.
On the final page offers two search engines. One called "Search Newspaper", which is at the end of the secondary column, and another after the final bar of the blog, "Technorati search", which allows you to find within this blog or elsewhere.
Hilda Garcia Villa, television journalist and Mexican press, says that being a journalist in line needs to be knowledgeable about the profession itself, but also have the ability to produce the format for presenting information and adapted to the speed information technology as works agency. July Perotti is a journalist and has ability to present information clearly, but if I can criticize is the frequency of post. While there are times when information is published daily, at other times can go a week without news. Editorial
M. Luján Martínez


Perotti Who is Julio? Julius Caesar

Perotti is 44 years and is a graduate journalist at the National University of Río Cuarto. From 1981 to 1986 held various journalistic work including being editor, chief sub-editor National and the Depth of the city daily. Then he moved to Cordoba to work as an editor and then as head of the Political Section La Voz del Interior. In 1995 he became editor of the newspaper until 1999 Puntal returned to La Voz del Interior to take charge of the Coordination of News.
From June 2005 created the weblog "Ahead of the news" with the idea of \u200b\u200bexploring this new format and see if he could be treated as another user on the network. From there it intends to reflect news that you are curious and perhaps not enter into the agendas of the mainstream media. Following this first blog spawned two more that are medios3.blogspot.com, which turns their experiences with students of Communication 3 in the career of Communication Studies at the University Blaise Pascal in Cordoba and minutofatal.blogspot.com, which is a reflection of a series of letters and articles where Perotti discusses the so-called "high-impact news." His three posts are currently in recess until the end of the World Cup. Hate
daily routine and boring and feels that being a journalist is a 24 hour job. Maybe that's why you're looking at the information network within the everyday distinctive that unsettles the established order of the news. Editorial
: Rafael Ferraiolo

"Knowing everything that goes with one-click"

1 - Do you see a new profession called "journalist digital? What border separates it from traditional journalist?
I do not think we should speak of a "new profession." Rather, I understand that is an adaptation to a profession as a result of new technologies. Ignore the stage of rapid change that our society live with the permanent emergence of new ways to learn, is "yes" as a journalist sentenced to death.

2 - What are the criteria used to select the information on your blog? What is your primary source of information?
My Blog "Before the News", created in June last year (ohh!! Meets one year, now I see), was and is intended simply to reflect news that I find curious and, as a journalist of what you call "traditional media" out there did not notice. Not much more than that and the intention of exploring a new format. In fact, had begun in March 2007 with another personal blog, where poured minor issues related to family and friends. It was almost a joke. Then, I tried to move forward with "Ahead of the News." Later I was excited and spawned two more: medios3.blogspot.com as an experience to use in Media III class I teach in the career of Communication Studies at the University Blas Pascal in Cordoba. The result as a means of exchange of views among students has been so far very good. In fact, each of the boys has his own blog where he makes the practical work. And minutofatal.blogspot.com is a reflection of a series of letters and articles which, as can be seen in it, has to do with media coverage of what I call "high-impact news."
In "Before the News", my main sources are other blogs, newspapers or direct view of reality as conveyed by the media.

3 - How did the idea to create your blog? When? How long did it put in operation?
repeat: the idea was simply to explore a new format. I wanted to see if, after 25 years of experience in newspapers, was able to assimilate into the network as another user. Operating it was a matter of minutes using "Blogger". It's simple.

4 - How do you handle the truth category given that on the internet anyone can upload information? Use
generally recognized sites. So do not run that risk. But there may be curious to which, incidentally, took with some sarcasm.

6 - Is it possible in network journalism that involves analysis, quality to be professionalized? (Bearing in mind that some of the features of journalistic practice online is the tendency to constantly updated information, with the addition of what anyone can upload their own texts)
I think that's the key question in this whole question. I approach it from this point of view: I am a journalist and as such, I am certainly susceptible to loss of credibility as the medium in which they work. Why the reader will believe me when I write on the blog if you tend to disbelieve when I do it in a newspaper? I failed to give me an answer. I can hardly consider that the blog provides the reader turning their own opinions. Y para el periodista sirve como un feed back inmediato, de que carece cuando opera desde un diario, una radio o una televisión.
Pese a esto, no me cabe duda de que hay lugar para un periodismo de calidad. Claro que lo hay.

7- ¿A qué tipo de lector se dirige? ¿Tiene contacto con su audiencia?
Nunca me plantee eso. De hecho tengo pocos lectores; algunos amigos míos y colegas que lo conocen y con los que intercambiamos experiencia.

8- ¿Cree que Internet ha democratizado el uso de contenidos informativos?
Absolutamente. La posibilidad del público de acceder directamente a las fuentes sin la intermediación del periodista es un paso fenomenal en la democratización information. Not to mention globalization, previously only television and radio, with their particular cuts of reality, made possible the world access to knowledge outside of our inner circle. Today, the network can have at a click that happens anywhere in the world. It's wonderful. It is sensational.

9 - What would you say or tell through his blog ? I have
I had no intentions of being considered a "blogger." Simply use the blog as a tool for a hobby, go wandering around the net looking for things that surprised me. When the encounter, the shift to blog ... But nothing more than that ...

Editor: Rafael Ferraiolo
(Survey conducted by the group)

"authorized biography by myself"


journalist Julio César Perotti
44, Married with four children. Coordinator
News newspaper La Voz del Interior of Córdoba.
III Professor of Media and Journalism Research Methodology in the career of Communication Studies - Universidad Blas Pascal, Córdoba.

Graduate in Journalism from the Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto, I went into journalism in 1981 through the newspaper prop, Rio Cuarto, where I was editor, chief of National and Local chief secretary of Editors.
In 1986, I moved to Córdoba. Worked at La Voz del Interior as an editor and then as head of the Political Section.
In 1995, I offered to be Director of Strut, a position he accepted and held until 1999, when I returned to La Voz del Interior to take charge of the Coordination of News, a kind of Secretary General Drafting.
to here the facts.
feel that being a journalist is like being a midwife: 24 hours, 30 days of the month, 12 months. You never know when the news appears that changes our lives.
hate routine. I hate boring day. So I walk down the network for every minute that you can be distinctive in the daily journalistic agenda. Often, of course, not find it. But when it does, I feel alive.
I love, I produces adrenaline, leading to large processes facing the newspaper coverage. 11-S, Pope's death, prison riot in Córdoba, etc, because I think of those experiences you learn a lot. Leo Internet permanently in the latest trends in the field and try to learn lessons.
They must never forget that leave and enter the right half is the first step of a career. Continuous learning and improvement are key to a good professional development. Editorial
: July Perotti



Just curious news
Blogs are the new stars of the decade. Now, why magnetizing Internet? Convenience, speed, communication, free, access to distant places, interactivity, are some of their characteristics. Internet brings to the news reporting new expressive capabilities, not found in other media. For this reason, the digital journalist must seize these opportunities to adapt to the modalities, not only writing but also reading the media. Regarding the contract
Reading - Eliseo Veron defined as the ratio of support and his reading, Inma Martín Herrera, Director of the newspaper La Crónica de Sevilla, states that "interactivity enables the public produced a paper to the letter, then the user has different reading routes and only select and access information that interests you. " July Perotti in his blog, and because the journalist does not write thinking of a given reader, but writing for a neutral target, proposes a reading contract that establishes a relationship of equals with the public. Through a fresh style, but caring ways, goes to those who like to read and tells her thoughts. Use a universal language, easy and quick reading, in order to reach a wide swath of readers. Football
, wars, terrorism, culture, entertainment and politics, are, among others, the protagonists of "Ahead of the news." The reporter says his blog is intended to reflect news that you are curious. It does not follow national news, much less the news of his province, Cordoba. Not limited. In contrast, encompasses the largest number of possible topics. This is because for him "before globalization, only the TV and radio, with their particular cuts of reality, allowing access to knowledge of the world outside the of our inner circle. Today, the network can have at a click that happens anywhere in the world. "
Another mechanism used by Perotti is to briefly introduce the reader on a topic, then provide the link to the page from which information was collected. That is, does not appropriate other data, but cite the source and acts as a bridge between her and the reader.
The journalist says that the idea of \u200b\u200bcreating your blog came from the idea of \u200b\u200b"exploring a new format." He adds: "I wanted to see if after 25 years of experience in newspapers, was able to assimilate into the network as another user." No denying that the blog clearly reflects this intent. While there are notes in which the journalist expressed personal opinions abound those in which only limited to writing a sentence. A clear example of this feature is "The International Federation of Football Associations (Fifa) offers World Cup live online free ." That is, its elaboration of the note is only one sentence, and from there leave the reader to continue to report through other pages.
In relation to the File section of "Behind the News", Perotti allows users to access their previous notes sorting them by month, with the corresponding year. This chronological order, from older to newer, allows the reader, placed temporarily in your search. However, due to not having set a target to the target which the author explains that the purpose that led him to create http://www.deestosehabla.blogspot.com/ was to use as a tool for a hobby : go wandering around the net looking for things that will surprise and then turned over to the blog.
If what the monthly publication is concerned, "Ahead of the news" during the month of May, published ten notes. On the whole international theme predominates. His idea is focusing, through three texts, the attacks on the United States and the current situation in Iraq. In two letters submitted videos regarding this subject, not including any explanation or description of the case. While in the third, relates in a few lines as the current situation of journalists in Iraq, and also provides various links to get to the source of information.
Finally, and from the definition of Leonardo Zanoni, journalist and founder of eBlog, that blogs are "upgraded sites and written in a personal and informal style, we can say that the log of July to comply with such Perotti feature. When holder, the journalist does not first person, but since there is evidence his views regarding the news to be treated. However, both the fall and in the body of the note, there is some news on those that do choose to express in person. Editorial
: Natalia Alvarez


interactivity in cyberspace

Internet has been installed as a new means of communication. Finds its parallel in the effects caused by the appearance of radio or television. When we think of half, the easier the communication process has three essential parts: speaker-message-listener. And even at this point the Web has led to revolution, because, as explained Inma Martín Herrera in the Latin American Journal of Communication: "The forums, chats, debates, etc., breaks the traditional concept of one-way communication (one to many), now becomes a communication multidirectional (many to many), and allow feedback or feedback information. " Referring to the field of journalism, this tool allows interactivity with the reader that no means achieved, without going too far, in the case of print media, the only chance to meet her readers are the letters they receive. By contrast, in the network are discussions on-line group, or the same email that period style placed next to its articles achieved good communication and real-time users. It is considered so that the reader goes from being a passive recipient of content to an active issuer involved with their opinions in the production process information.

wrecked Sailors July
Perotti exploits the interactivity aspect mentioned by placing the end of each note a link that allows write comments. Yet not one word was received in several months. What happens? "Readers do not care about the content? Is one possible response, but consider that blog, are involved in a myriad of similar pages with content not updated frequently, and with the volatility that the "click" enabled.

Everything is more than once, unaware of the existence of the site, as its creator admits: "I never raised the contact with the audience, in fact I have few readers, some of my friends and colleagues who know and with which we exchange experience. "
journalist without the participation of readers, however, he is the principal participant, because these sites offer the possibility that any person handling rudimentary Internet tools, can be expressed through it, and may themselves content producers. The public liability of traditional media has become an active user, or at least so say most enthusiastic voices of the technological development of the Web. Editorial
: María Cecilia Escudero

Journalism on the Internet, in search of language itself

Since the late 90's best known newspapers publish their online editions, while the weblog started sustained growth. The continued development of tools for graphic design affects the way information is presented visually on the network. Newspapers traditional and progressive blogs had to adapt to change. As continually introduced innovations that decisively affect the visual perception of information.
Professor School of Information Science, University of Málaga, María Angeles Cabrera González, describes three models of online newspaper design: The first, the newspaper facsimile reproduction of the paper, which is the most primitive and it is a facsimile reproduction of the newspaper page using the scanner. Then there's the newspaper's adapted, which corresponds to those who are able to create different graphic elements the paper, and finally, the paper's digital itself, beginning to use expressive and multimedia resources. These tend to be overcome by the model could be called multimedia. This was precisely the path taken by the largest circulation daily in our country: La Nacion and Clarin.
Many webloggers are true online communities who share those interests. For a couple of years the tools to produce these pages started to become popular and now number tens of thousands of users who have their own blog. The skills of these people influenced the aesthetics and language of the pages of the newspapers mentioned. And this translates into search for specificity of the new medium.
Both newspapers now have tabs where you can watch digital editing and printing. In the first, adopting the tools of interactivity, use of color, visual hierarchy and also the motion picture and sound. Bugler gives also a privileged place the blog sites, and places links to those considered most attractive. The Nation for its part, published a link to the weblog world-known journalists. In addition, it constantly appeals to readers through forums and surveys, chats and letters from readers.
Despite these shared characteristics, the advantage in terms of credibility and the quality of the content is unquestionably on the side of those pages that are supported by recognized firms as they are, without doubt, Clarin and La Nacion. Editorial
: María Cecilia Escudero

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Challenging journalism on the Web, journalism without Red

How is changing the conception of the media after the advent of the Internet?
Find two perspectives:
The readers, who are now with a range of information like never had before. And having an open possibility of them builders of the news because they are both customers and media sources.
The journalists that must mutate to be "hunters" of news to become stewards of this glut of information. According
Innovation consultancy studies, only 10 percent of incoming information to the editor of a newspaper is published and only 1 percent is read by their audiences. Ie, 99 percent is lost in our inability to show it as catching news and disinterest that can display the readers.
Today, however, the Web has become an alternative to the antiquated print media are competing in a race that seems inexorably to be losing.
This situation, perhaps warned in time, has led to newspapers, and including radio and television, to dig deep into the Internet to prevent other spaces they occupy. And they have succeeded. Half, but rather have received, but the press on the internet is at an experimental stage.
Part of the work is well done: they use all their potential to turn over information to the network under the umbrella of its brands.
The other is to be done, yet have failed to convert their editors in "online journalists" or "webperiodistas." We continue on the Net as we do on paper, with some variations. Analog vs.

. Let

digital central differences between journalism "analog" and journalism "digital."

HEARING RANGE INTERACTION MEDIA RELEASE
Regional Content is not defined based
immediate public interest

Content and Global Internet audience as Immediate



is clear, however, you can use a new medium to transfer information, but should be amended in the basic tenets of journalism: objectivity, thoroughness, accuracy.
worth remembering: "The news is both more news the more faithfully and accurately reflects reality. "
As a means of communication, Internet has some unique features like: 1 .-
Total interactivity. 2 .-
Formidable
transmission capacity 3 .- The user, as issuer mass.
addition, a daily news is a prisoner of time and space: expire within a few hours and can never contain all sides of a complex reality.

An unknown world

These obvious advantages over the day makes us wonder how to get us into a different world, with a different medium, with different qualities and, more importantly, with different readers.
So far, there have been three steps: 1 .-
Reproduction of information in the printed version. 2 .-
journalists create original content and incorporated into the body of the news links, search engines and some degree of customization. 3 .-
news items designed specifically for the web
For now, we must admit that most newspapers are still using Internet as a medium and not as a means: there is dump the contents of the paper without any treatment other than change electronic format.
Even assuming, wrongly, that these old ways structure information is useful, yet we have not used another clear benefit: Internet distributes information instantly and globally. That is, the faster and farther.
The question is what must change.
First, the concept of news varies substantially: when we build information for a newspaper, we do so with an eye on our little world, living in social interests purely local.
Second, when the news is still important: to be on line assumed to be in "continuous."
Thirdly, the unpredictability is beneficial compared to newspapers, and even radio and television, which require scheduling of events and production time. On the Web, all you can shoot almost instantly and be setting the news as it happens.
All these growing opportunities in addition to other, perhaps more important: the Internet's ability to add textual language, image and sound, and an infinite database 24 hours spinning around in cyberspace.
hypertext and hypermedia


Ultimately, the web as information infrastructure has two key features that raises a new instance of knowledge: hypertext and hypermedia.
for hypertext, specialists easily understand that hypertext is a new type of electronic book highlighted words: one says a word, called the mouse and is a development, whether text, graphics, audio or video. "
Meanwhile, talk of hypermedia is a step forward because it allows you to include links (links) to objects and displays and can be referenced multimedia elements such as audio, video, etc.
Here is ultimately overcomes the true quality of the network of networks known to the media. One way to exploit that advantage is to move towards a change in language because it is clear that the journalist does not write "for" the reader but that talks "with" the reader. Do not write "for" Red, "is" on the Web

The new concept of news

How should now be the news? §
Interactive. §
Custom. § § Documented

Updated.
for interaction means the possibility of linking docuemtnso or images to generate a nonlinear narrative that lets you create items hitherto unthinkable in traditional media.
For customization means that the information reflects the tastes and interests of the audience
.
documented by news means a document modes, ie ways to contextualize information through links (links).
For upgrade means the renewal or reissue of the content with a more flexible schedule than traditional media.

routines, detailed in the article: " Quest digital journalist" by Claudio Navarro.

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press editions

Development in time

Until recently, the role of editors in a graphical medium was limited to defining its own expense: to write. That is, information collected and dumped into pages, without even a title guide.
The configuration at the site was under the responsibility of a leader in your area, called "editor." He had to find the best way of presenting the news, from the title, the downhill, the summary to the photo.
The new work routines in the newsrooms, with journalists versatile in its functions, forcing the editors to understand that their role went beyond collecting Good data and express them properly in a text. Must understand that the quality of the contents of a diary fundamental factor in building credibility, was not enough to attract readers. No one better than the journalist who was at the scene, incidentally, to help generate comprehensive, containing, in addition to a well-written text, of course, a number of graphic elements to accompany her, so as to make easier for the public easier access to that information.
They must have knowledge that an editor does not, of course, the existence of an editor. Alex Grijelmo, in his style journalist, puts it as follows:
"In journalistic jargon, we have taken the word" issue "-the influence of English-not as a synonym for business and professional decisions that lead to the publication of a book or of a newspaper, but the relative significance to the preparation of texts, through quality control, for inclusion in a media environment. In this regard, the Academy (Dictionary 1992) defines journalism as well: Edition: "Text of a work prepared philological criteria." And at the entrance, "editor," says among its meanings: "Person caring for the preparation of a foreign text, according to philological criteria. " Indeed, a prominent part in the work of an editor in the paper stems from its focus on grammar, lexicography and syntax of the texts of others. But the Academy forgot primary mission: the care that meet professional standards and ethics. Therefore, I consider that the term "quality control" to define the issue may shed more light on this task. Is to monitor the device is manufactured with a minimum and good results. Quality.
The editor is the first reader of a text. The questions he raised and resolved is the save the buyer of the newspaper. You should never forget that role, because, if it is a good professional, normally he will have accumulated more background information and a carefree anonymous reader, so will be less questions than those who do not have to know the intricacies of an issue. But that should see me through their professionalism and intuition to put yourself in the shoes of any of the thousands of citizens who attend the day after the kiosk.

Today, editors, publishers

course, this need for newspapers to provide its readers a greater flow of information without them being asked, Grijelmo poses as if "something more" can not be oblivious to the understanding of the editor.
The basic conditions for a good editor could be summarized as follows: Writing Good
. It is a fundamental value. Grammar and spelling are inclusive requirements. But also, as in the expression is an attribute that is increasingly valued.
Ability to communicate with their editor and their peers of the same area, photographers, graphic artists and graphic designers. The new work routines pulled the reporter-editor of the isolation in which they normally worked in data collection. Now you must share access to sources with their counterparts in other areas such as computer graphics. You must understand, in short, more than ever before, journalism is teamwork. Knowledge
editorial system. The skill in handling the tools became a key success factor because it enables you to work with speed and efficiency, leaving more time to search for information.
photo editing knowledge. With it, you can understand the best way to illustrate information and facilitates the exchange of views with the photographer and make it a full commitment The work product.
Knowledge of computer graphics. It's about understanding the need of the creator of computer graphics, in order to contribute to a result that readers will appreciate because they will understand information in an even more pleasant and easier than with the text. Knowledge
graphic style manual of the environment in which they work. is the ability to interpret graphic lines has decided the middle, so to preserve uniformity in the pages, while making the best use of resources. In short


Ultimately, editing should be understood as
A. - As a set of operations and steps prior to the publication of any form.
B. - printing or stamping of any writing for publication.
C. - Set of copies of books printed at once.

The elements constituting the proposed issue are:
A. - Company
B. - editorial criteria, refer to the contents that we have to form and genre.
C. - graphics and aesthetic criteria: presentation, layout.
D. - Middle technician.


Complementary texts:
The well-structured writing - By Carlos Verdecia
Learning to write, learn to write - By María José López Pourailly.
The Moving Target: journalism workshop - For Miguel Angel Bastenier

Price For A New Lisence

INFORMATION SOURCES

1.

Introduction We start with the basic premise, though sometimes unfulfilled, journalism: the company is entitled to know the whole truth, verifiable, timely, without interest or prejudice personales.Es obligation of journalism, then, to comply with accurate publication of the facts, describe accurately without distorting, omitting, or distorting the information. say, all information will be supported by real data to strengthen the trust of our readers.
Against this, journalists must maintain a strictly professional treatment in relation to their sources. Work should not be confused with friendship, much less paid to publish information in servility.

2. What are the sources of information

Journalists may not always be present at the time in which events occur. Moreover, most journalists are not eyewitnesses to the events that tell your news. Some events such as a press conference or a parliamentary session is expected. In these cases, a journalist can cover the event to collect personal information that after used to write the news. But many other events are unpredictable and only chance may allow the journalist is witness, such as a terrorist attack or an accident aéreo.En for these unpredictable events, or other newsworthy events but to the journalist is not easily accessible, journalists need to resort to other sources of information to provide him with information respecto.Las available sources of information that the journalist are varied: individuals, institutions and organizations of all kinds. Obtaining reliable sources of information quality and prestige accorded to the environment and the journalist.

sources are necessary even when the reporter has directly witnessed the event, offering useful information. You can cover an event that takes place in your city. Has seen with his own eyes, you could take your own notes, but will be appropriate to request information about the same event from various sources, such as trade union organizers of the event, to seek their views on the manifestation and objectives mobilization.
should also ask the police estimated participation figures, and possible incidents. Civil Defence contact to inquire about the existence of injuries. Even is interesting seek direct input from various anonymous participants of the protest. The proper selection and combination of all these data will produce a true story and rich in nuances. This has been used various sources of information.
To report an event, the quality newspapers and good journalists do not use a single source of information as the information may be biased, misleading or just true, they use different sources to compare the information provided by some news and it otras.Una more accurate, and therefore has better quality, the higher the number (the number of sources consulted), quality (provide credibility to the source used) and pluralism (the sources are complementary and present different interpretations of the same event) of the information sources used.
To Gerbert Gans, source of information is the person or group of persons who observe or interview the journalist and to provide the basic information or notes for a story.
source of information also see the documents or repositories of information that can be consulted, such as files, books, magazines, etc
Speaking of sources, we must distinguish between reporting and information source.
The informant is maintaining a casual relationship with journalist. Limited to provide specific data at any given time. The main difference is that contact with the informant is unilateral. An information source
, by contrast, maintains a habitual relationship with the journalist and the two maintained a two-way information process.
There are also exclusive sources, ie those that provide information to a journalist and a half. And
shared sources that provide the same information to other journalists or media, these are the news agencies, press offices, public announcements, etc..
Since the number of sources that the researcher can maintain contact, is not unlimited, will have to select those that have gone before you have provided reliable information. Your network is constantly changing. Each research topic
establishing a hierarchy of sources. The sources also set their own goals, do not come equally to all media and shown their preferences. Hence, the information medium in which they work, the journalist is critical to gaining access to information sources.

3.

categorization information sources can be divided into two broad categories:
own sources. Sources
national agencies and international: the modern concept of agency defines as a kind of "wholesale of information" that use their own correspondents, agencies that may be associated or from their own sources of information. Also worth noting that the agencies work, for the newspapers, open source, direct attribution.

4.
source attribution source
rarely allowed the reporter to identify it. In this case as a direct attribution information.
In cases where the source prefers to remain anonymous called attribution reserved . Other times, the source provides information only for use by the journalist and called off the record .
· information with direct attribution: the reporter is authorized to name the source. This is the ideal situation because it gains credibility and gain more informative. In general, the source which can be attributed to a person, body or other means. Example I
·
U.S. General Vincent Brooks, chief of Central Military Operations Command, acknowledged that southern city "remains under the thumb of the regime" of Saddam, and that fighting is to eliminate the resistance of Iraqi forces. Example II
·
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland in the coming days publish a list of the growing number of civilian victims of the Anglo-American attack against Iraq. We promised a clean war, but today we find again that there is no clean war, said Calmy-Rey to Sonntagsblick Sunday.

· information with attribution reserved: is the most common. Masking the identity of the journalist by government sources ... This formula is widely used by sources to put into circulation information intoxicated, and is therefore must receive it with reservations. Some researchers argue that one should not information if the source is left unidentified.
· Example
Buenos Aires government spokesmen acknowledged last night that the number of voters who participated in the internal elections of the PJ, held yesterday, "did not meet expectations."
off the record: when the journalist receives confidential information not disclosed. This is information for the exclusive use of it, however does not mean you can not make use of this information it has been verified by other sources. There are many researchers who do not implement this because they prefer it as good and conduct more costly or incomplete, and not use the off the record.
should be very careful with the off the record : Commonly used by sources to say what they dare to publicly and, therefore, the journalist can be locked in a dispute if not check other sources.

5. Reliability of sources

is appropriate for a journalist to reveal to the reader the source of the data that has been achieved or the set of information, including its news. That lends credibility to the text. It can only be intentionally hidden in those instances in which the source refuses to reveal his identity or where the journalist can suspect that the integrity of the same endangered by disclosure. In these cases, legal professional privilege protects the journalist to protect the identity of their sources. Sometimes the sources can provide off the record. Data supplied to the reporter to understand better certain event but expressly makes it a condition that are not published. In such cases the journalist must be honest with your source and do his will.

6. Check sources

The screening of the sources is crucial, especially when he says that source can affect other people. Faced with this situation, you should always, absolutely always, consulted counterpart to give his version.
If the counterparty is unavailable for any reason, is expressed clearly that they tried to see it, but his statement was obtained.
The checking of sources is fundamental also for two or more views on the same event, where necessary ..

7. How to cite sources

The journalist can enter in the news statements made by protagonists of the event. There are two ways to do this: direct quotation, which is reproduced verbatim significant phrases spoken or written. You are always in inverted commas or point differential so that the reader clearly identified. The other option is the indirect quotation is very useful to summarize in a few sentences long statements. With them, the journalist and not reproduced verbatim but merely to summarize and explain the statement. The way of introducing them is usually a "said," I say that, "declared." It is very common combination in the same news of the direct and indirect quotes.

Most style books advise avoiding daily use of disguise as sources of information ("observers say ...", "view of political analysts ...") those that only provide opinions. In this case, it is advisable to identify the consultee. In another case, it is interesting to know an opinion if you do not know who the supports.

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An Introduction
journalistic genre is a literary form that is used to tell stories of current through a newspaper. These genres have their roots in the history of journalism and there are several stages. If you get to read a newspaper you will see that contains news, articles, photographs, advertisements, etc. In the press there are three different types of journalistic genres: news, opinion and interpretation. It is not easy to differentiate from each other.
Gender information is based on the news and reports objectives. The news is the story of a current event that raises public interest. The goal is a narrative report that describes a fact excluding valuation opinion or gender periodista.El opinion editorials and opinion pieces. The editorial is the opinion of the newspaper article. The articles or reviews of opinion, more and more presence, as you noted, are the personal approach of someone who writes on a topic of gender actualidad.El combines interpretive information and opinion that arise cocktail features, reports interpretation, interviews, etc.

Origin
gender
appear linked journalistic genres, from the beginning to the press. For this reason, when one asks what is a journalistic genre? should know they are different literary forms that are used to having things present, provided that after appearing in some media, in our case the press.
The genera are divided into two main sections. On the one hand, referring to the stories they tell the facts, and secondly, the comments are used to provide ideas.
The origin of journalistic genres has been closely related to the history of journalism and, from mid-nineteenth century, are known in several stages:

a) the ideological journalism, which exist throughout the world until the end of the First World War. It is doctrinal and moral standards in the service of political or religious ideas. It is a stage in which the press contributed very little information and many comments.

b) the informative journalism that rises above 1870, parallel to the ideological journalism, and that will be emerging after 1914, first in England and then in the U.S. as a journalism that primarily supports in the narrative or the narrative of events. This stage has been called "the Golden Age of the Press" on the facts imposed on the comments. The Anglo-Saxons call story, and gives way to what is now known as information "pure and hard", although in this journalistic genre also enter information reports and chronicles, with their respective variants.

c) since 1945, when World War II ended, the stage starts journalism explanation. are seeking greater depth of information, for which the journalist uses a mix of narrative and commentary Why? For the reader through a narrative of the facts, understand the value judgments quickly and easily. This way of counting things is appreciated, especially in the gender of the report in depth.

from reading a printed newspaper, there are different ways of presenting information:
news or stories of events
comments or articles that develop certain ideas
photos

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Information

opinion in the press we can distinguish three kinds of journalistic genres: informative genre, gender and gender interpretive opinion. The latter emerges as a genre hybrid of information and opinion and journalistic takes different forms. Initially
differentiate costs few other genres. But to be a good reader of the press (and even a future journalist) should know clearly distinguish the information and opinions that appear in the pages of newspapers.
newspapers and magazines including it in their content pages reserved for information (news, objective reporting), others are reserved to provide views on the news (editorials, columns, opinion), we can also find ways to interpret newspaper reality, combining data information with certain approaches and personal judgments of the author himself (chronic, interpretive reports, interviews). In the press can distinguish three different positions to inform, review and interpret.
All are valid from a journalistic standpoint. While the reader should not find any difficulty in distinguishing when faced with information or news and when to an opinion. Journalistic genres, styles, language used, have as one of its purposes the news reader can distinguish these attitudes.
newspapers and magazines, usually to differentiate more clearly the data of opinion, some specific pages dedicated to group all the contents which could be considered opinion. If you are reading one of these pages, know that you are offered a specific views on various news, always with a purpose implied by the writer to convince the reader of the rightness of his position. However, it is assumed that the remaining space of the newspaper or magazine is intended for the information, and in any case, the interpretation.
Sometimes news articles of opinion and share the same page, but in such cases can be distinguished typographically clear: using different fonts, framed items, etc.
If you pay a little attention, when anyone can read a newspaper to realize that the journalist has an essentially informative, explanatory in nature, when writing a story. However, the editorialist or columnist of opinion that it is to advocate for business principles and approaches, so try to convince their own ideas.
The information, interpretation and opinion found in the press enrich our vision today. These attitudes and genres that are complementary as each performs its own functions. The problem arises if the reader confuses a personal opinion of a regular collaborator with a piece of information that is objective and truthful.


The news or information
News are, in addition to objective reporting, the news genre. The news is the story of a current event that raises public interest. The journalist has a responsibility to report as objectively and truthfully as possible how these events have occurred or facts.
The news has a clearly defined features and the journalist is fulfilled with the utmost professionalism. The reader receives the information without any personal assessment or opinion of a journalist who has written the news.
When you have to write a story should not expect to be the most original or most creative, but the most accurate, truthful and objective. Linguistic style used is clearly defined by the following rules: clear, concise and concrete (the three Cs).
journalist sorts the data in the narrative of the story in descending order of their importance: Some of the most important to reach those less significant than close the body of your story. The news follows an inverted pyramid structure. In the news
should include essential information for understanding the event. You have to provide the public with responses to calls 5 W: Who, what, when, where, why ( who, what, when, where, why , which can add How ( How ).
The wording of the news has rigid guidelines with little room for creativity or originality of the information professional. However, gender is more effectively fulfill the function that can be considered a priority for the journalist to inform.
The news consists of three parts: headline, lead or intro and body of the story.



The report can distinguish two types of reports: the report objective and the interpretive report. Each belongs to a genre of journalism. The objective reporting is considered a kind of information, while the interpretive report is classified as a genre of interpretation.
meets the objective reporting largely the same functions as the news. Presents many common elements, especially the journalist maintains objectivity in presenting the facts. It is a descriptive account should not include personal opinions or values \u200b\u200bof journalism, although this type of reporting has its own characteristic features which distinguish it from the news. Perhaps the most obvious is that its size is usually larger. The report, therefore, allows the journalist to offer a greater number of additional data when writing a story where you must stick to the essential, given the limited space with which he works.
also found differences in regard to language. In the case of the news, strict rules apply and a fairly definite language. In the interview the journalist enjoys a greater freedom of expression always limited by the reporting function. If you write a story, you can use syntax, unusual in the news, or develop more creative descriptions, but you can not forget that the aim is above all deeply inform the reader about certain facts. If our creativity is an added difficulty for the reader to receive the data information in a clear and direct, we will have wrong approach. Remain valid to report the following rules governing the news: objectivity, clarity and accuracy.
The objective reporting consists of two parts: the lead and the switch body. The lead of the report seeks to gain the attention of the reader from the first sentence, unlike the lead of the news that the prime role is to condense the essence of the story. It is not necessary lead to news that meets the essential details of events or developments described. Aims to capture the reader's interest to continue reading the story. This may lead to apply different formulas using: irony, contrast or surprise. When the reporter deems appropriate may also be used the lead feature of the news reporting.
In the body of the article the journalist does not have to adhere to the structure of the inverted pyramid in the news almost mandatory. In addition to applying this structure when appropriate the journalist can combine essential data with additional data to keep the reader's interest and the intensity of the story. In the report is not required exposure data in strict order of importance.



Interview The interview can be seen as a specific type of report. Although its characteristic features can also turn it into a journalistic genre completely differential. What matters is to understand that the interview belongs to the genus interpretation.
The interview is a genre that is very present today in the press. Both newspapers and the weeklies or other periodicals devoted many of its pages to offer its readers interviews with those public figures who are considered relevant. Allow the reader a virtual approach, a direct knowledge of those characters that are interesting, admired, dear ...
There are different types of interviews, but the journalistic interview for excellence is known as a personality interview. The journalist, in this case, try to collect truthfully the personality the interviewee. Share with your readers those most significant elements of the conversation he had with that character.
drafting technique of alternating the interview descriptions or considerations made by the journalist with the exact words of the interviewee. This combination allows the reader to penetrate the psychology of the character. The reporter introduced into their considerations interpretative elements.
personality interviews usually have a considerable extension that can reach different pages and are often accompanied by a photo essay depicting the image of the interviewee, while the text of the interview is designed to portray the "spirit" of it.
journalists engaged in this type of interviews should know to persuade the respondent to create a climate of conversation pleasant enough to display the character as it really is. Interviews possibly preferred by readers are those that respondents show their true personality, often hidden behind a particular public image. Get
extract interesting and honest opinions of the interviewee depends largely on the skill and psychology of the author himself. The interview should always spend a pleasant conversation to the respondent. On many occasions the respondent part of a distrustful attitude but questions and the conversation of the journalist get a more expressive disposition and sincere on his part.


editorial
The Press adds to its functions of reporting and interpreting a third that is to say about today. Various journalistic formulas that can be defined as genres of view, trying to develop this feature.
One such formula is the editorial. The editorial is an opinion that is not signed by any person but that includes the institutional and collective opinion of the newspaper or magazine. That institutional grants to such great public importance articles. Readers can find the open and direct view of the environment on various topical issues and their underlying ideological positions.
All publishers say about reports in the same number or recent issues. The topics discussed in an editorial today are those that involve a greater significance and great importance. May focus on political, economic, social, etc.
publishers may find controversial, colder, stronger, more meaningful, more expository or more combative, as the position held by the media.
Journalists often produce specialized editorials in this task and enjoy the absolute confidence of the Director. The newspapers have an editorial board that debate, outlines and decide what will be the institutional views to be defended before the public through editorials. The editorials of the day are grouped into what is termed the editorial page.
The writer has great expressive freedom without forgetting the need to be clear and precise. The style tends to be severe and dignified, consistent with the importance of the issue. I never used the staff of the journalist who wrote and expressed the collective opinion of the newspaper or magazine. The editorial
not used the introductory paragraphs, the space is limited and faces from the first sentence the subject that is to say. Any editorial usually contains: a first part that says and recalls the subject, a second in which it develops the analysis and interpretation raises and ends with a third with the presentation of a position and a definite opinion. This view can be formulated as a solution, forecast or criticism. In these items are especially critical to achieve the purpose editorializante, the first and last paragraphs.
To write an editorial, the journalist must know thoroughly the topic on which to comment to the newspaper's opinion never be contradictory inconsistent or weak arguments as this will damage the overall credibility of the publication.
reserved newspapers editorials to comment on major issues, but they have other ways of institutional opinions on issues of lesser importance or to do a somewhat lighter and less deep on matters of great interest. Among these methods we can cite the loose or short articles to the style of stings, and laurel, in which the daily rewards and punishes certain conduct of persons or institutions.

The opinion article

The opinion piece has a large presence in the press. In such opinions are specific items raised by a current topic. Item
functions are similar to those of the publisher. It offers ratings, reviews and analysis on various news. Unlike the editorial, the paper is signed and is the personal opinion of its author. Sometimes even this view may disagree clear from the newspaper's institutional position expressed in its editorials. Another difference to keep in mind is that the topics covered in the articles could be much more varied as the address only news publishers who have a great relevance.
expressive freedom enjoyed by writers is almost certainly much greater than that of the editors. The writer can choose the shade, perspective, reliability, etc, with which you want to go to his readers, while the writer is always submitted in writing to a certain solemnity.
The opinion article is closely linked to the author, so their credibility and influence depend on the prestige and authority that the firm deserves to readers.
items usually have a length between five hundred and eight hundred words and not have to be written by journalists. Any professional can express an opinion. But are journalists or not, writers often be contrasted professionals with many years of experience and a track known to the public.
We can distinguish two types of writers: those that address any issue of current and publish your articles with a certain regularity, and those who publish, periodically or occasionally, articles on matters pertaining to their specialty.
Within the op-ed columns can be distinguished personal. The columns are spaces reserved for newspapers and magazines notable writers of reputation, with regular intervals. Freedom of expression in these cases is total with only two limitations: the number of words established by the paper and clarity due to readers. Constitute a hybrid genre between literature and journalism.
columnist must meet two qualifications: a virtuoso mastery of language, which materialized in a unique style and an ability to offer a different and unique perspective on facts pertaining to the present. The degree of complicity with the columnist takes readers is very high.
Lorenzo Gomis, a leading English journalist and columnist, wrote: "A newspaper column is full of time. It is a box with time indoors. Is a bottle thrown into the sea, from an island, so that a passing ship and find it read the message. "

Criticism

Another kind of journalism that can make a difference in our press is critical. The work plays a critical interpretation of various cultural events.
journalistic criticism has three functions simultaneously: reports, guides and educates readers. The cultural and entertainment section concentrates most of the criticisms in the newspaper, but within this section are all journalistic genres: news (an example is the cultural review), reports, interviews, reviews and criticism. Today
cultural and artistic production is very high, the less analyzed from strictly quantitative values. The weekly film premieres overwhelm even the moviegoers themselves. Publishing companies offer monthly to hundreds of new features are available in bookstores in a short space of time. The number of exposures that can be visited in any provincial capital is abundant. Since then this great cultural offerings are enriching for society but also has a number of risks, probably the most important is that of confusion. The criticism is becoming more important, precisely because its main task is to guide the public and filter, in a sense, those works that meet some minimum artistic qualities.
The task of the critic is always controversial and do not forget that moves in the territory of the personal opinion of the subjective assessment. You can read two different reviews on the same book with conflicting judgments. While for a critical text can be a minor work of a great writer, for the other deserves the title of masterpiece. This freedom from critical to implementing their own artistic criteria to the work discussed benefits to readers and critics who can choose their credibility and deserve to suit their own tastes.
It is vital for journalists dedicated to criticism, a high proportion in this thematic issue. The critic is a specialist, or at least should be, on the subject being analyzed. Must substantiate and prove what he says, without falling into dogmatism or totalitarian opinion.
journalistic criticism is a distinct genre of journalism that meets the specific functions and also by a number of characteristics: it must be brief but not superficial, agile and fast but at the same time thoughtful, thorough and reasoned. Its cultural tone is high but necessarily must be intelligible, understandable for any reader: the critic must not forget that not writing for specialists.
The critic must be true to high demands in terms of professional ethics can not be influenced by their own interests or personal weaknesses when making their interpretation and view on the artwork. Not to praise freely, acting more as a propagandist than critical, or unjustly attacking with intent to ridicule and undermine the work and its author. Your attitude should be based on fairness and respect for those who judge, although expressing the shortcomings and defects in its sole discretion arises. Must be positive, highlighting the qualities of judging first and then referring to the shortcomings and negative evaluations.
For a good critic, there are three qualities: first, a great love and tenderness for art criticism to exercise a profound knowledge of the specific criteria and solid.
pages dedicated to culture and entertainment, and weekly cultural supplement, are the places where criticism is developed with greater intensity. Also important in any magazines, especially those specializing in art and culture.
There are different types of criticism in terms of the topics addressed: literary criticism, film critic, theater critic, music critic, art critic (painting, sculpture and architecture). Finally we must mention the criticism of radio and television which is responsible for evaluating their programs. Specialized Journalism

Besides gender, the press also can distinguish the content according to their degree of specialization. The complexity of today and, in general, our society has meant that the press and journalists to evolve towards higher levels of expertise. There
publications with a generic and diverse themes and other publications that choose to specialize in a subject which aims to inform its readers in-depth. This decision directly affects the work of journalists and news markets.
This is a clear distinction that we can establish in the field of press, but even in a newspaper of general information sections are set with a view to classifying and specialized news. Journalists, not forgetting to take a broad view now need more and more intense in-depth knowledge of that specific field on which to inform their readers.
A journalist writing in the economy section requires a high degree of expertise in this field to understand and effectively communicate all the news impacting the world economy. The same applies to a journalist specializing in sports or another in national politics, health, science, education, etc.
The big newspapers try to compete with the media (radio and TV) or digital (information available on the Internet) offering readers a complete information, with interpretation and opinion. Are increasingly important booklets or weekly supplements devoted to providing news on a particular topic: economy and employment, science and technology, health, culture, education, etc.
In the editorial offices of newspapers and magazines called generalists coexist journalists willing to cover and report on any news, and those specializing in a specific topic. For the operation of the press, both professionals are essential.
The journalist combines professional experience and extensive knowledge in a particular area of \u200b\u200bexpertise to the implementation of general journalistic skills that allow you to inform the public effectively. This second ability makes him different from the professional specialists, who are not journalists but collaborate with the media as writers or consultants who are not proficient at the language and many other journalistic expertise handling the journalist to report clearly, even on those more complex news.
But print media can also choose to specialize their content in an absolute manner. So we can buy in kiosks gossip magazines (which only report the news called "pink" or "heart"), computer magazines, journals devoted to sport in general or a particular sport, scientific journals, parascientific, etc. This type of press has a more homogeneous groups that may have a general information magazine and it has a number of business benefits in regard to the sale of advertising, audience awareness, etc.